Ketamine is a dissociative anesthetic that is commonly used in surgery and to relieve pain. It is comprised of two molecules, S-Ketamine and R-Ketamine. S-Ketamine, also known as esketamine, is particularly potent and was approved for the treatment of severe and long-term depression in the United States in 2019. The exact mechanism of how ketamine
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In a groundbreaking study, scientists in the US have claimed to have developed a drug that mimics the metabolic benefits of exercise in a convenient pill form. The drug, known as SLU-PP-332, has shown promising results in early experiments conducted on rodents. Researchers believe that this pill could potentially revolutionize the field of medicine by
Mild cognitive impairment, which is considered an early stage of dementia, is alarmingly underdiagnosed in individuals aged 65 and above, according to recent studies. These studies reveal that only a mere 8% of expected cases of mild cognitive impairment have been diagnosed, leaving approximately 7.4 million cases undiagnosed in the general population. Additionally, over 99%
Broccoli has long been hailed as a superfood due to its high levels of sulforaphane, a compound with numerous health benefits. While broccoli pills are becoming increasingly popular, a 2011 study revealed that consuming the whole vegetable provides more sulforaphane than supplements. This prompted Chinese researchers to explore the best cooking method for broccoli to
The concept of marine cloud brightening (MCB) as a method to offset the effects of global warming by artificially shading Earth’s surface is gaining attention in the scientific community. This innovative approach involves injecting salt spray into shallow marine clouds to brighten them, thereby increasing their reflectivity and reducing heat absorption by the underlying water.
The stability of planetary systems has long been a topic of interest for physicists and astronomers alike. While we have a good grasp on the rules governing the orbits of two celestial bodies, the introduction of a third (or more) adds a level of complexity that leads to unpredictable instabilities. This so-called “three-body problem” has
In the realm of metalworking, researchers continue to push the boundaries of what is possible with new techniques such as Shear Assisted Processing and Extrusion (ShAPE) and friction stir welding. These innovative methods have allowed for the production of metal components that are not only lighter and stronger but also more precise than ever before.
Robotic systems have come a long way from their early days of being stiff machines to the more advanced soft, humanoid, and animal-inspired robots that we see today. Among the various types of robots, legged robots, especially quadrupeds, have shown great promise in performing tasks at ground level, such as exploration and object transportation. However,
Spending long hours sitting at a desk watching YouTube videos or playing video games may seem harmless, but recent research suggests that it could have negative consequences on more than just our physical health. In fact, a study conducted by researchers from China revealed a potential link between sedentary behavior and an increased risk of
The traditional methods of indoor positioning, such as fingerprinting and sensor-based techniques, have long been utilized but come with significant drawbacks. These drawbacks include the need for extensive training data, poor scalability, and reliance on additional sensor information. These limitations hinder the effectiveness and efficiency of indoor navigation solutions, leading to the demand for more
The impact of climate change on soil carbon is a topic of increasing concern among scientists. Recent research conducted by Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory (LLNL) and collaborators has shed light on the vulnerability of soil organic carbon to microbial decomposition under warmer temperatures associated with climate change. While soil has the potential to sequester large
Polymer systems have the unique ability to spontaneously induce emulsion or microdroplets through mechanical mixing, creating an intermediate state of macroscopic phase separation. However, the challenge lies in the nonuniform size and random spatial arrangement of these droplets, which tend to grow larger over time in a process known as coarsening. Researchers have attempted to